{"id":108418,"date":"2025-10-07T05:45:56","date_gmt":"2025-10-07T11:45:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/?p=108418"},"modified":"2025-10-07T06:04:38","modified_gmt":"2025-10-07T12:04:38","slug":"premio-nobel-de-fisica-2025-para-clarke-devoret-y-martinis-por-descubrimiento-sobre-fenomenos-cuanticos-efe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/premio-nobel-de-fisica-2025-para-clarke-devoret-y-martinis-por-descubrimiento-sobre-fenomenos-cuanticos-efe\/","title":{"rendered":"Premio Nobel de F\u00edsica 2025 para Clarke, Devoret y Martinis por descubrimiento sobre fen\u00f3menos cu\u00e1nticos | EFE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/premio-nobel-fisica.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/premio-nobel-fisica.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/premio-nobel-fisica-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/premio-nobel-fisica-768x512.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Los premios Nobel de F\u00edsica 2025 John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret y John M. Martinis. EFE\/EPA\/Christine Olsson<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-23db7e95974579b190d8bc7ea9a6cef6\"><strong>Agencia EFE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copenhague (EFE).- El Premio Nobel de F\u00edsica 2025 es para el brit\u00e1nico John Clarke, el franc\u00e9s Michel H. Devoret y el estadounidense John M. Martinis \u00abpor el descubrimiento del efecto t\u00fanel cu\u00e1ntico macrosc\u00f3pico y la cuantizaci\u00f3n de la energ\u00eda en un circuito el\u00e9ctrico\u00bb, inform\u00f3 este martes la Real Academia de las Ciencias Sueca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Con este galard\u00f3n se reconocen los experimentos que demostraron c\u00f3mo se puede observar el efecto t\u00fanel cu\u00e1ntico a escala macrosc\u00f3pica con muchas part\u00edculas, precis\u00f3 la Real Academia en su fallo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Una cuesti\u00f3n importante en f\u00edsica es el tama\u00f1o m\u00e1ximo de un sistema que puede demostrar efectos mec\u00e1nicos cu\u00e1nticos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Los tres cient\u00edficos galardonados realizaron experimentos con un circuito el\u00e9ctrico en el que demostraron tanto el efecto t\u00fanel cu\u00e1ntico como los niveles de energ\u00eda cuantificados en un sistema lo suficientemente grande como para caber en la mano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00abCuando lanzas una pelota contra una pared, puedes estar seguro de que rebotar\u00e1 hacia ti y te sorprender\u00eda mucho si la pelota apareciera, de repente, al otro lado de la pared\u00bb, indic\u00f3 la Real Academia para ilustrar el descubrimiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-efe-noticias wp-block-embed-efe-noticias\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"9WhpQzX36t\"><a href=\"https:\/\/efe.com\/salud\/2025-10-06\/premio-nobel-medicina-2025\/\">El Premio Nobel de Medicina 2025 para Brunkow, Ramsdell y Sakaguchi por la tolerancia inmunol\u00f3gica perif\u00e9rica<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u00abEl Premio Nobel de Medicina 2025 para Brunkow, Ramsdell y Sakaguchi por la tolerancia inmunol\u00f3gica perif\u00e9rica\u00bb \u2014 EFE Noticias\" src=\"https:\/\/efe.com\/salud\/2025-10-06\/premio-nobel-medicina-2025\/embed\/#?secret=CNBSBKZYTp#?secret=9WhpQzX36t\" data-secret=\"9WhpQzX36t\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>En mec\u00e1nica cu\u00e1ntica, este tipo de fen\u00f3meno se denomina \u00abefecto t\u00fanel\u00bb y es precisamente el tipo de fen\u00f3meno que le ha dado fama de extra\u00f1o y poco intuitivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El sistema el\u00e9ctrico superconductor utilizado por estos tres cient\u00edficos pod\u00eda pasar de un estado a otro, como si atravesara una pared.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n demostraron que el sistema absorb\u00eda y emit\u00eda energ\u00eda en dosis de tama\u00f1os espec\u00edficos, tal y como predice la mec\u00e1nica cu\u00e1ntica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-circuito-electrico-superconductor\">Circuito el\u00e9ctrico superconductor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Clarke, Devoret y Martinis utilizaron para su experimento un circuito el\u00e9ctrico superconductor y el chip que lo conten\u00eda ten\u00eda un tama\u00f1o aproximado de un cent\u00edmetro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anteriormente, el efecto t\u00fanel y la cuantizaci\u00f3n de la energ\u00eda hab\u00edan sido estudiados en sistemas que solo ten\u00edan unas pocas part\u00edculas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">BREAKING NEWS<br>The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/NobelPrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#NobelPrize<\/a> in Physics to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis \u201cfor the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/XkDUKWbHpz\">pic.twitter.com\/XkDUKWbHpz<\/a><\/p>&mdash; The Nobel Prize (@NobelPrize) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/NobelPrize\/status\/1975498493218394168?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 7, 2025<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>En este caso, estos fen\u00f3menos aparecieron en un sistema mec\u00e1nico cu\u00e1ntico con miles de millones de pares de Cooper (electrones enlazados) que llenaban todo el superconductor del chip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De este manera, el experimento llev\u00f3 los efectos mec\u00e1nicos cu\u00e1nticos de una escala microsc\u00f3pica a una macrosc\u00f3pica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Los transistores de los microchips de los ordenadores son un ejemplo de la tecnolog\u00eda cu\u00e1ntica consolidada que nos rodea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El Premio Nobel de F\u00edsica 2025 ha brindado oportunidades para desarrollar la pr\u00f3xima generaci\u00f3n de tecnolog\u00eda cu\u00e1ntica, incluyendo la criptograf\u00eda cu\u00e1ntica, los ordenadores cu\u00e1nticos y los sensores cu\u00e1nticos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fuente: <a href=\"https:\/\/efe.com\/ciencia-y-tecnologia\/2025-10-07\/premio-nobel-fisica-2025\/\">https:\/\/efe.com\/ciencia-y-tecnologia\/2025-10-07\/premio-nobel-fisica-2025\/<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/efe.com\/ciencia-y-tecnologia\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Agencia EFE Copenhague (EFE).- El Premio Nobel de F\u00edsica 2025 es para el brit\u00e1nico John Clarke, el franc\u00e9s Michel H. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":108419,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108418"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108418\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":108420,"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108418\/revisions\/108420"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/108419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/losperiodistas.com.mx\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}